Egyptian and Chinese porcelain

Egypt is "ceramic road" on a very important country in southeastern Mediterranean, Africa, Northeast Asia and the West, highlighted the Red Sea and the Mediterranean throat. Nile flows from south to north consistent throughout, the famous ancient city ruins Fusitate (now the Egyptian capital of Cairo) in the fertile Nile Delta, built in 641 AD, when the Egyptian trade centre, a 9th century when prosperity. Nile periodic flooding Evolved Egypt has a long and ancient civilization, the ancient Greek historian Herodotus said: "Egypt is the gift-giving Nile." Cultural exchanges between China and Africa began in China during the Qin and Han dynasties. As early as the Warring States Shang Yang Qi-Xiong, one of the ongoing reform of the ambitious, far from Alexandria in Egypt also has established a brilliant Alexandria City. Ancient Greek geographer Strabo in the "topology" that is described in this Mingwenxiaer the City: "It has an excellent harbour, Egypt is the only trade, and it is also the only Egypt A land trade, because of all the goods are easily transported from the river, gathered the world's largest market. " Egypt followed the fate of both the culture, arts, business or spirit have been written into the history of the world. Egypt from around the 9th century continue to import Chinese ceramics. Since 1912 Japan's Middle East culture-finding mission last of the three men, such as Fujitsu hills of ancient ceramics and scholars to explore this site, a total of six Fusitate, 700,000 tiles unearthed, of which 12,000 Chinese ceramics , The time span from the Tang Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Site Unearthed in Egypt Fusitate the Yueyao porcelain are: 9 to the early 13th century celadon Yueyao, some engraved with lotus, Phoenix, and other patterns, there are more typical of the Tang Dynasty flat small round-Au - Choi, at the end bowl. In the 1960s in the Purcell and Ayizhabu and other sites Late Tang Dynasty have been unearthed in the early Song Dynasty to the Qing porcelain.

Apart from Egypt, other parts of Africa have also unearthed porcelain Yueyao. If the 1960s in Sudan Ai Habu, Halayibu such as the Five Dynasties Late Tang Dynasty unearthed in a celadon; mid-1950s in Kilwa Island also to the End of Tang Dynasty unearthed in the early Song Dynasty celadon According to statistics, Chinese porcelain unearthed in the country The site has as many as 46. In Kenya in the late 40's Amanda Island unearthed nine to 10 century celadon.

Iraq and Chinese Ceramic

Iraq at the birthplace of the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia, is the location of the Kingdom of ancient Babylon, the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow through the heart of fertile land, rich life. This piece of land east of Jurists Pulasita has been named as the "fertile crescent line zone," the region in ancient times are Eastern political center, but also economic and cultural hub. Since 1910 the French Beiao Lei on the excavations carried out here, 120 kilometres north of Baghdad, Samarra, the site of the unearthed by Chinese ceramics and famous. Low Tigris River in Samarra, 836 to 892 AD, was here as the national capital, one after another after three excavations. Tang Yue Yao has unearthed such as Celadon; Ju expert analysis, and Zhejiang Yuyao Shanglin Lake unearthed identical to the specimens. In addition, A Bida (translated as Albita), and other places have also found that 9 to the 10th century porcelain brown, late Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties Yueyao celadon.

Iran and Chinese Ceramic

Iran, Gucheng "Persian", located in the heart of Central Asia, South on the Persian Gulf, the ancient East-West sea transport hub; China and Iran is the world's two owners Youyuan the history of ancient civilization, as far as history records: the exchanges between the two countries As early as 2000 years ago began, Zhang Qian was ordered to the Western Han Dynasty to the West "Zaokong" In the future, the envoys have arrived in the Han Dynasty rest (rest in peace that is Iran's Gucheng). Tang and foreign transport a total of seven lines, one of which is "rest in peace Road." China's paper making, silk, Zhici, the compass, and so on Iran has had a positive effect, Iran's religious, crops, also reached the gold and silver for China. The Iranian people in particular treasure of Chinese porcelain, Chinese porcelain called "Qin Town," and Iran's past emperors are large order of Chinese porcelain. Yueyao porcelain unearthed in Iran are: Iran, the eastern part of Sha Buer sites, a Yueyao celadon pot unearthed in the central part of Reay Yueyao have unearthed the site is zoned spent inside the legacy pieces;'s most famous ancient port to a few seats Love , Unearthed in China in recent years is an important site ceramics. From 1956 to 1966 the British Institute of Archaeology of Iran to explore, such as the Tang Dynasty Yueyao of celadon. In addition, Dakanusi, Sisa, cable Sri Lanka, in the sand, and other sites have also seen a Yueyao porcelain pieces.

Oman and Chinese Ceramic

Oman, located in the Arabian Peninsula, near the Gulf of Oman, India and China access to the Persian Gulf Merchant Shipping Channel. Oman is the Su Haer Arab businessmen and India, Chinese businessmen to trade the famous port, the ancient "the gateway to China" said. Here in the 1980s unearthed a Yueyao Celadon film. In addition, the Arab Bahrain, also unearthed in the 1950s and 1960s Tang Yue Yao celadon pieces.

Arab and Chinese Ceramic

Arab (known as the Chinese history books on the food) is located in three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa combined, the excellent geographical location of its decision in the history of the world traffic of the special status. Arab in the history of the world is a great nation, and Muslim. China and the Arab nation's exchanges in the BC 2 after the start of the end of the century BC, the Han Dynasty by Zhang Qian mission to the Western Regions and that of the branch, and contingent to the site. 8 to 9 at the climax. China's silk and porcelain has been a favorite of the Arab world luxury goods in China and the Arab world to this road, whether it is "Land Silk Road" on the Tuodui, or "sea Tao Road" on the boat vessels , Shrewd businessmen are all powerful display this Arab Islamic nation indomitable vitality, the Arab businessmen in the history of cultural exchanges to make an indelible contribution.

Pakistan and Chinese Ceramic

Pakistan in the northern Arabian Sea, is China since the Tang and Song Dynasties vessels to the West Asia region are an indispensable part of the land. As early as the 19th century unearthed here on China during the Tang and Song Dynasty porcelain specimens.

Pakistan's Bula Ming the Bard (Brahminabad), is 7 to the 11th century Indian River commercial center, Song Zhenzong days (1020) destroyed in the earthquake. Tang Yue Yao unearthed a residual Celadon bowls, but also the Five Dynasties period, during the Northern Song Dynasty porcelain. Gbagbo south-east of Karachi, is the 13th century decline of the ancient port, Pakistan Archaeological Department in 1958 found here Yueyaoshuizhu the 9th century and the early Northern Song Dynasty Yueyao Hand carved tiles, and so on.

Indonesia and Chinese Ceramic

Indonesia is an archipelago country, is located in the Pacific and the Indian Ocean and the continent of Asia and Australia between the mainland and sea transport hub since ancient times, but also the integration and cultural exchanges between the crossroads: China and Indonesia, the links between the Islands as early as the prehistoric Era had begun. Indonesia two people along the ancient route from the south Asian continent south: First, Yunnan, China, as Myanmar, the Malay Peninsula to the Indonesian archipelago: First, southeastern China, as Taiwan, the Philippines, the islands of Java, Indonesia, the bronze, can be found for Card. Indonesians of Chinese porcelain very seriously, as its "precious artifacts and heirlooms." According to the Soviet Union in 1963 to the Cayman "Southeast Asia's Chinese export porcelain unearthed" the article said: "Indonesia has been found throughout the Green white porcelain, celadon after it." Visible celadon in Indonesia also found a large number. Archaeological confirmed in Indonesia's Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan and other islands have been unearthed Yueyao celadon, a variety celadon bowl, pot, such as Shuizhu.

Malaysia and China Ceramic

Malaysia has many residents of Chinese descent. Since ancient times, Malaysia, India, China to the sea. Archaeologists in the Johor River to explore the ancient cultural relics, China's Qin and Han pottery pieces; facts that: this Shanglu in the first century, before and after had been opened. Liu former "Malaysia's ancient Chinese porcelain," the article said: "Even today, the bank can also be seen in Johor deserted village with the left screen, in the black soil of the Chinese dishes on the scattered debris……"

Yueyao celadon in Malaysia's Sarawak is mainly found in the mouth of the sites, unearthed nine to 10 century Yueyao: Besides the western part of Pahang in Malaysia, also found the Tang Dynasty celadon respect. Most of these porcelain collection in the Sarawak Museum.

Chinese white glaze porcelain germination

Chinese white glaze porcelain germination in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Sui Dynasty, has developed to a mature stage. To the Tang Dynasty more new development. Porcelain firing temperature of 1200 ° C, the white porcelain was also reached more than 70 percent, close to the High Xici modern standards. This achievement is Youxia Glazed Choi Choi and lay the foundation for the development of porcelain.

Eastern Han Wei and Jin Dynasties

Has been to the Eastern Han Wei and Jin Dynasties, the production of porcelain, the relics unearthed from the view of most of celadon. The processing of these Celadon Fine, Taizhi hard, non-absorbent surface is a layer of green Shi vitreous enamel. Zhici such a high level of technology, marking China's porcelain production has entered a new era.

original porcelain

In the ruins of the Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty discovered "Qingyou for" obvious with the basic characteristics of porcelain. Their delicate texture than the hard pottery, most of fetal color to gray, the sintering temperature as high as 1100-1200 ° C, Taizhi basic sintering, absorbent weak, the surface is a layer of lime glaze application. But they are not identical and porcelain. To be known as the "original porcelain" or "original celadon."

The original porcelain from the emergence of the Shang Dynasty, after the Western Zhou Dynasty, Spring and Autumn to the Eastern Han dynasty, after a year in 1600-1700, from immature to mature gradually.

Porcelain is a Chinese invention

Porcelain is a Chinese invention, which is the world have recognized. The invention of porcelain pottery is in constant development, and improvement of technology on the basis of. Baitaoyishi with the Shang Dynasty porcelain clay (kaolin), a raw material, firing temperature of 1000 ° C and above, it is the basis of the original porcelain.

Baitao the pottery produced by the successful transition to porcelain from a very important role.

Qing period Chinese Ceramic

Qing period Chinese Ceramic the many types, from Shaozao process of distinction, with the exception of blue and white, such as Youxia You Lihong Cai, there are Glazed Glazed Youxia mixed color and color two categories. Glazed Choi is the first firing white glaze porcelain, in white glaze on the painting, re-entry color low-temperature furnace secondary firing, Glazed multicolored, Fencai, Falang Cai Cai are Glazed. Glazed Youxia mixed Choi Choi is the first firing Youxia (that is, in Citai painting directly on the logo, transparent mask fired a high-temperature glaze, mainly blue and white), and then in the appropriate position Glazed not paint color, the Second low-temperature furnace firing. Alum red blue and white color, color fighting, thousands of blue and white are all mixed Glazed Youxia Choi. The final formation of blue and white; color Youci; Caici category three series.

China's real sense of porcelain produced in the Eastern Han Dynasty

China's real sense of porcelain produced in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25 to 220). During this period the previous generation primitive pottery and porcelain production technology development, during the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Northern people Nanqian Houzang the prevalence of the practice, on the basis of China's eastern Zhejiang Shangyu as the center of the region with its unique conditions as the origin of Chinese porcelain Manner. This Shangyu County of Zhejiang official during the Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed in the town of Qingyou four of the corrugated water tank, to show us the porcelain Shaozao the early stages of development of the situation. Tang Dynasty porcelain production technology and artistic creativity has reached a high degree of maturity; Ciye vigorous development of the Song Dynasty, the Ming Yao emerge; era of the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the system blanks, decoration, glazing to the firing, and are technically more than the previous generation. China's ceramic industry has been flourishing ever, high-quality U.S., compared with the famous ceramic producing areas in Jingdezhen of Jiangxi, Hunan Liling, Guangdong Shiwan and Fengxi, Yixing in Jiangsu, Tangshan and Handan in Hebei, Shandong Zibo, and so on.